Journal: Neurotrauma Reports
Article Title: Early-Life Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Alters Neurodevelopment and Behavior in Mice
doi: 10.1089/neur.2025.0016
Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional consequences of mTBI: Ultrasonic vocalizations. (A) Schematic depicting workflow for USV recordings: (1) Sham or mTBI pups were recorded for isolation-induced USV calls for 6 min, (2) USV waveforms were either accepted or rejected as background noise, and (3) typology call classification was performed, and call types were sorted as either “one-syllable” or “multisyllable.” (B) Total number of USV calls produced per group in males (N, sham: 15, 0.02 J mTBI: 13, 0.04 J mTBI: 10, outliers: 2 [1 in number total calls, 1 in latency analysis]). (C) Latency to produce the first USV call per group in males. (D) Total number of USV calls produced per group in females (N, sham: 10, 0.02 J mTBI: 12, 0.04 J mTBI: 14, outliers: 1 [in latency analysis]). (E) . Latency to produce the first USV call per group in females. Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc comparisons: * p < 0.05. (B–E) Male mTBI mice made similar number of overall calls and displayed similar latency to first call as sham males. However, female mTBI mice made less calls compared with sham females. (F) Percentage of “one-syllable” type calls and (G) “multisyllable” type calls out of total calls in males. (H) Percentage of “one-syllable” type and (I) “multisyllable” type calls out of total calls in females. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test: # p < 0.1, * p < 0.05. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. (F–I) Male 0.04 J mTBI mice made less “one-syllable” and more “multisyllable” type calls compared with 0.02 J mTBI and sham male mice, whereas female mTBI mice did not differ in the types of calls produced compared with female sham mice. ANOVA, analysis of variance; dpi, days post injury; J, joules; mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury; pnd, post-natal day; USV, ultrasonic vocalization.
Article Snippet: Isolation-induced USVs were recorded for 6 min to examine communication behavior post-injury using Avisoft Bioacoustics USV recording equipment and software (Avisoft-RECORDER, version 4.2) by removing the pup from their dam and placing each mouse individually in a sound-attenuating chamber (Med Associates Inc., ENV-022MD-27).
Techniques: Functional Assay, Isolation, Produced, Standard Deviation
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![Functional consequences of mTBI: Ultrasonic vocalizations. (A) Schematic depicting workflow for USV recordings: (1) Sham or mTBI pups were recorded for isolation-induced USV calls for 6 min, (2) USV waveforms were either accepted or rejected as background noise, and (3) typology call classification was performed, and call types were sorted as either “one-syllable” or “multisyllable.” (B) Total number of USV calls produced per group in males (N, sham: 15, 0.02 J mTBI: 13, 0.04 J mTBI: 10, outliers: 2 [1 in number total calls, 1 in latency analysis]). (C) Latency to produce the first USV call per group in males. (D) Total number of USV calls produced per group in females (N, sham: 10, 0.02 J mTBI: 12, 0.04 J mTBI: 14, outliers: 1 [in latency analysis]). (E) . Latency to produce the first USV call per group in females. Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post-hoc comparisons: * p < 0.05. (B–E) Male mTBI mice made similar number of overall calls and displayed similar latency to first call as sham males. However, female mTBI mice made less calls compared with sham females. (F) Percentage of “one-syllable” type calls and (G) “multisyllable” type calls out of total calls in males. (H) Percentage of “one-syllable” type and (I) “multisyllable” type calls out of total calls in females. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test: # p < 0.1, * p < 0.05. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. (F–I) Male 0.04 J mTBI mice made less “one-syllable” and more “multisyllable” type calls compared with 0.02 J mTBI and sham male mice, whereas female mTBI mice did not differ in the types of calls produced compared with female sham mice. ANOVA, analysis of variance; dpi, days post injury; J, joules; mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury; pnd, post-natal day; USV, ultrasonic vocalization.](https://pub-med-central-images-cdn.bioz.com/pub_med_central_ids_ending_with_0539/pmc12270539/pmc12270539__neur.2025.0016_figure5.jpg)